Preventative Health

Low Glycemic Foods May Help Control Obesity

2008-02-05T20:52:00.000-06:00

Low-glycemic meals promote a post-meal environment that is favorable for reduced food consumption.

This may be an advantage in the control of obesity and related disorders, including insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. Low-glycemic meals produce favorable leptin and insulin responses, resulting in lower food consumption In a recent study, metabolic effects of meals with varying glycemic index (GI) were evaluated.

In a group of healthy volunteers, glucose, insulin, and leptin responses to two contrasting breakfast cereals were measured. Leptin is a hormone produced by fat cells that indicates the degree of hunger to the hypothalamus of the brain. Lower leptin levels trigger a sense of satiety and decreased hunger.

Meals were provided on two separate occasions in random order after a 12-hour overnight fast, and consisted of 50 g of available carbohydrate from either Corn Flakes (Kellogg's), or Fiber One (General Mills). Blood samples were obtained at rest, and 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after eating.

The GI was calculated from the glucose response to the test meal normalized against a 50 g oral glucose load. The average GI for Corn Flakes was 125 and 49 for Fiber One. These meals were classified as high GI and low GI, respectively, and were significantly different from each other.

The insulin response following the low glycemic meal was significantly reduced compared to the high glycemic meal. The high glycemic meal significantly suppressed circulating leptin levels compared to the low glycemic meal.

Lower insulin response and higher circulating leptin levels suggest that low-glycemic meals promote a post-meal environment that is favorable for reduced food consumption; this may be advantageous in the control of obesity and related disorders including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Ann Nutr Metab 2007 Dec 10;51(6):512-518

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the risk of death in men with Metabolic Syndrome

2008-01-31T09:10:00.000-06:00

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of disorders that include abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated blood sugar, and unhealthy cholesterol levels. Up to one in four U.S. adults has metabolic syndrome, significantly increasing their risk for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

Fitness, regardless of body weight, can provide a strong protective effect against premature death in men with metabolic syndrome as well as healthy men.

Cardiorespiratory fitness reduces the risk of death in men with Metabolic Syndrome

In a study published in the Archives of Internal Medicine, over 19,000 men were recruited to determine the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and mortality risk in healthy men and those with metabolic syndrome.

The study group, which included about 3,800 men with metabolic syndrome, were evaluated for fitness and then followed for up to 17 years. Healthy men who were out of shape at the beginning of the study were three times as likely as their fit peers to die of cardiovascular disease.

While men with metabolic syndrome were 89 percent more likely than healthy men to die of heart disease over the years, men with metabolic syndrome who were unfit had twice the death rate as their fit counterparts.

According to the researchers, "This study strengthens the argument for aggressive public health campaigns aimed at increasing physical activity levels in the population." Fitness, regardless of body weight, can provide a strong protective effect against premature death in men with metabolic syndrome as well as healthy men. Arch Intern Med 2004 May 24;164(10):1092-7

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Pam Dunwald, R.N. B.S.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

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Selenium and Colorectal Cancer Risk

2008-01-29T20:41:00.000-06:00

Selenium and colorectal cancer risk
A recent study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute has found that selenium intake may be related to a decreased risk of colorectal cancer. Researchers combined data from three randomized trials - the Wheat Bran Fiber trial, the Polyp Prevention Trial, and the Polyp Prevention Study - which tested the effects of various nutrients for colorectal adenoma prevention among patients who had recently had an adenoma removed.

Although adenomas themselves are not cancerous, they are generally predictive of colorectal cancer incidence. Analysis of this combined data showed that the group of individuals with the highest blood selenium levels had a significantly lower likelihood of developing a new adenoma compared with those in the lowest intake group. The association between higher selenium levels and reduced adenoma recurrence supports previous research indicating that higher selenium levels may be related to a decreased risk of developing colorectal cancer.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Higher Cholesterol Levels Associated with Minor Strokes

2008-01-23T20:51:00.000-06:00

Dr. Ladd McNamara has shared so much valuable information on the subject of
cholesterol and statin use. Adding just a little bit more to the fine article sent
out on this forum earlier is research which was in The August 30th, 2007 edition
of the Journal Stroke.

It is so ironic that a follow up of 652 stroke patients revealed that those with the
lowest levels of cholesterol were more likely to die than those with higher levels!

To think that lower cholesterol levels are actually found in patients who experience
major strokes vs. higher levels in patients with minor strokes.

I sent the research to Dr. McNamara who has posted it on his website and he included
the following comment:

Dr. McNamara: What this says is, the lower the cholesterol in this study the more
potentially fatal the stroke. The people with higher cholesterol levels had less severe
strokes than the people with low cholesterol levels.

Dr. Wentz has written a wonderful forward in Dr. McNamara's latest edition of the
Cholesterol Conspiracy which you can read: http://cholesterolconspiracy.blogspot.com/
It is a true scientist's explanation of the beneficial role of cholesterol.

Let's help spread the message of stroke prevention by adopting a healthy lifestyle and
using supplements that prevent LDL oxidation; Antioxidants! The Essentials and
HealthPak are loaded with the best quality antioxidants available.

In Health,

Joan Baumann

Stroke. 2007 Aug 30; Higher Total Serum Cholesterol Levels Are Associated With Less Severe Strokes and Lower All-Cause Mortality. Ten-Year Follow-Up of Ischemic Strokes in the Copenhagen Stroke Study.Olsen TS, Christensen RH, Kammersgaard LP, Andersen KK.From the Stroke Unit, Hvidovre University Hospital, Hvidovre, and the Department of Informatics and Mathematical Modeling, Section for Statistics, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Evidence of a causal relation between serum cholesterol and stroke is inconsistent. We investigated the relation between total serum cholesterol and both stroke severity and post stroke mortality to test the hypothesis that hypercholesterolemia is primarily associated with minor stroke.

METHODS: In the study, 652 unselected patients with ischemic stroke arrived at the hospital within 24 hours of stroke onset. A measure of total serum cholesterol was obtained in 513 (79%) within the 24-hour time window. Stroke severity was measured with the Scandinavian Stroke Scale (0=worst, 58=best); a full cardiovascular risk profile was established for all. Death within 10 years after stroke onset was obtained from the Danish Registry of Persons. RESULTS: Mean+/-SD age of the 513 patients was 75+/-10 years, 54% were women, and the mean+/-SD Scandinavian Stroke Scale score was 39+/-17. Serum cholesterol was inversely and almost linearly related to stroke severity: an increase of 1 mmol/L in total serum cholesterol resulted in an increase in the Scandinavian Stroke Scale score of 1.32 (95% CI, 0.28 to 2.36, P=0.013), meaning that higher cholesterol levels are associated with less severe strokes.

A survival analysis revealed an inverse linear relation between serum cholesterol and mortality, meaning that an increase of 1 mmol/L in cholesterol results in a hazard ratio of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.82 to 0.97, P=0.01).

CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study support the hypothesis that a higher cholesterol level favors development of minor strokes. Because of selection, therefore, major strokes are more often seen in patients with lower cholesterol levels. Post stroke mortality, therefore, is inversely related to cholesterol.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Are Meal Replacements Effective in a Weight Loss Program?

2008-01-18T18:31:00.000-06:00

Weight control strategies that are both safe and effective are needed to reduce the rate of the current obesity epidemic.

In a recent study, people incorporating fortified meal replacements were more likely to have adequate essential nutrient intakes compared to a group following a more traditional food group diet. Dietary supplements and fortified meal replacements help ensure nutritional adequacy during energy-restricted diets for weight loss Weight control strategies that are both safe and effective are needed to reduce the rate of the current obesity epidemic.

A recent study compared the macronutrient and micronutrient levels in the foods chosen by women following two different weight reduction programs. Ninety-six generally healthy overweight or obese women randomly placed into two treatment groups: Traditional Food Group (TFG) or a Meal Replacement Group (MRG). The MRG included the use of 1-2 meal replacement drinks or bars per day.

Both groups aimed to restrict energy levels to approximately 1,300 calories per day. After one year, weight loss was not significantly different between the groups, and both groups had macronutrient (Carbohydrate:Protein:Fat) ratios that were within the ranges recommended.

Both groups experienced an improved dietary pattern with respect to decreased saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium, with increased total servings/day of fruits and vegetables. However, the TFG had a significantly lower dietary intake of several vitamins and minerals compared to the MRG and was at greater risk for inadequate intake.

Although both groups successfully lost weight while improving overall dietary adequacy, the group incorporating fortified meal replacements tended to have a more adequate essential nutrient intake compared to the group following a more traditional food group diet. This study supports the need to incorporate fortified foods and/or dietary supplements while following an energy- restricted diet for weight loss. Nutr J. 2007 Jun 25;6:12

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Website: http://www.pamdunwald.com

Soy-Based Low Calorie Diets More Effective at Reducing Weight and Fat Improving Favorable Blood Cholesterol Measurements

2008-01-09T17:05:00.000-06:00

When compared to traditional low- calorie diets, soy-based low-calorie diets are more effective at reducing body weight and fat and improving favorable blood cholesterol measurements.

Effectiveness of a soy-based diet (compared with a traditional low-calorie diet) on weight loss and lipid levels in overweight adults.

The effects of a soy-based low-calorie diet on weight control, body composition, and blood lipid profiles (compared with a traditional low-calorie diet) were recently studied. Normally healthy obese adults were randomized to two groups.

The soy-based low-calorie group consumed soy protein as the only protein source, and the traditional low-calorie group consumed two-thirds animal protein and the rest plant protein. Both diets contained approximately 1200 calories and were maintained for 8 weeks.

Body weight, body mass index, body fat percentage, and waist circumference decreased significantly in both groups. The decrease in body fat percentage in the soy group was greater than that in the traditional group. Serum total cholesterol concentrations, LDL cholesterol concentrations, and liver function parameters decreased in the soy-based group and were significantly different from measurements in the traditional diet group.

No significant change in triglycerides, HDL cholesterol levels, and fasting glucose levels was found either group. Based on these results, soy-based low-calorie diets can significantly decrease serum total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol concentrations and have a greater effect on reducing body fat percentage than traditional low-calorie diets. Nutrition 2007 Jul-Aug;23(7-8):551-6.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Cardiovascular Benefits of Magnesium are Similar to Statin Pharmaceuticals‏

2008-01-08T20:17:00.000-06:00

Cardiovascular benefits of magnesium are similar to statin pharmaceuticals

A review published in the October 2004 issue of the Journal of the American College of Nutrition has found that many cardiovascular benefits of magnesium parallel those of statin drugs.

Statins are a class of drugs commonly prescribed for individuals with elevated cholesterol levels, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The researchers discuss the fact that both statin drugs and magnesium can inactivate the enzyme responsible for the first step in cholesterol formation and improve the function of blood vessels, reduce inflammation, and provide other cardiovascular benefits.

Magnesium, however, is also involved in the activity of another enzyme known as LCAT, which helps elevate beneficial HDL cholesterol levels while reducing unhealthy LDL cholesterol and triglycerides. In addition, magnesium is necessary for the enzyme that converts linoleic acid and linolenic acid into compounds that reduce inflammation.

Furthermore, optimal levels of magnesium within the cell are a natural calcium channel blocker, which helps dilate the blood vessels. Because of its many cardiovascular benefits, relatively low cost, and good safety profile, the researchers suggest that increasing magnesium could be a viable alternative for those who cannot or choose not to take statin drugs.

Note: If you are currently taking a statin drug to lower cholesterol, do not discontinue its use except on the advice of your physician. This information is not meant to imply that magnesium supplements should replace all statin drugs. However, adequate magnesium is very important for cardiovascular health, especially for those at risk for coronary artery disease.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Clinical Nutrition Course/Low Fat vs Low Carb Diet

2008-01-05T20:11:00.000-06:00

Welcome to the lastest edition of the IICN's Human Nutrition Technical Newsletter.This newsletter is a 'FREE' service - so please encourage your colleagues and friends, with an interest in Human Nutrition,
to subscribe via our www.iicn.ac web-site!
Kind regardsLaz Bannock DNM DN(Med) GradDipClinNutr MIBiol CBiol

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We have managed to keep the cost of our distance learning courses extremely low for over 2 years. In fact, our courses are substantially cheaper, at least $1000 USD lower, than any other comparable accredited course.

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Low-Carb Vs. Low-Fat—Which Diet Leads to Long-Term Weight Loss?
People on a low-carbohydrate diet experience greater improvements in blood sugar control and in some heart disease risk factors than people on a low-fat diet;

however, although low-carb dieters may lose weight more quickly that low-fat dieters, long-term weight loss is not substantially different, according to two studies published in the Annals of Internal Medicine (2004;140:769–77, 778–85).

As the rate of obesity in the United States climbs to unprecedented levels, increasing numbers of people are searching for the ideal weight-loss diet. People in the United States spend $33 billion each year on weight-loss products and services, yet fewer than 25% of people trying to lose weight actually follow recommendations for reducing calorie intake and increasing exercise.

For many years, most nutrition authorities have recommended a low-fat diet for weight loss and prevention of diseases linked to obesity, such as type 2 (adult onset) diabetes and heart disease. Though there has been little information on the short- and long-term effects of low-carbohydrate diets on weight loss and overall health, the popularity of low-carbohydrate diets exploded in recent years.

For example, in the last decade there has been a resurgence of interest in the Atkins Diet, a low-carbohydrate diet developed in the 1970s. Other low-carbohydrate diets that are loosely modeled on the Atkins Diet, such as the South Beach Diet, have also gained recent popularity. In the first of the new studies, 120 obese people with high cholesterol, LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, or triglyceride levels were randomly assigned to either a low-fat diet group or a low-carbohydrate (Atkins) diet group for almost six months (24 weeks). Both groups met regularly to answer questionnaires and receive instructions and supportive guidance.

In keeping with the Atkins diet protocol, the low-carbohydrate diet group was instructed to eat no more than 20 grams of carbohydrate per day initially and to take daily nutritional supplements including chromium (1,800 mcg); D,L-phenylalanine (900 mg); L-carnitine (3,000 mg); and a green tea extract (80 mg). The low-fat diet group was instructed to consume 30% or fewer of their daily calories from fat and 10% or fewer of their calories from saturated fats, and to keep cholesterol intake under 300 mg per day.

The average weight loss at the end of the study was significantly greater in the low-carbohydrate group than in the low-fat group (28 pounds versus 15 pounds). In the longer of the two studies, 132 obese people participated, 83% of who had type 2 diabetes. They were randomly assigned to either a low-fat group or low-carbohydrate group for one year. The instructions in the low-fat group were to get no more than 30% of daily calories from fat, while the low-carbohydrate group was advised to eat no more than 30 grams of carbohydrate per day.

The low-carbohydrate group lost weight more quickly than the low-fat group—about 13 pounds versus about 4 pounds in the first six months. Between six months and one year, however, the low-fat group

After one year, the low-carbohydrate group had still lost more weight than the low-fat group (11 versus 7 pounds), but the difference was no longer statistically significant. Both studies noted a significantly greater drop in triglycerides in the low-carbohydrate group than in the low-fat group.

The six-month study further noted an increase in levels of beneficial HDL cholesterol in the low-carbohydrate group, although the one-year study simply observed that the low-carbohydrate diet resulted in less of a drop.

People with diabetes on the low-carbohydrate diet had slightly greater improvement in markers of blood sugar control after one year than diabetics on the low-fat diet, although this difference was not statistically significant.

The results of these studies suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet can induce more rapid weight loss than a low-fat diet, but long-term weight loss is only slightly better with the low-carbohydrate diet. Some of the nutritional supplements (such as chromium; L-carnitine; D,L-phenylalanine; and green tea extract) used in combination with the Atkins diet in the six-month study might reduce food cravings or directly promote weight loss. Additional research is needed to determine how much these supplements contributed to the weight loss observed in that study.

Click HERE to learn more on Clinical Nutrition

Prevent Diabetes and Insulin Resistance with Vitamin D
Getting optimal amounts of vitamin D may have a positive influence on blood-sugar levels, possibly preventing diabetes and the “metabolic syndrome,” a group of metabolism abnormalities associated with insulin resistance, reports a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2004;79:820–5). More than 10 million Americans suffer from type 2 (adult onset) diabetes, a chronic disease that often leads to heart disease, kidney damage, nervous-system impairments, and other problems. An even greater number of people have the metabolic syndrome, which is characterized by various heart-disease risk factors such as high blood pressure, elevated levels of triglycerides, low levels of HDL (“good”) cholesterol, and abdominal obesity. In many cases of type 2 diabetes and in most cases of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance is a significant contributing factor. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps transport glucose (the body’s main form of sugar) from the bloodstream into the cells, where it is used to produce energy. In people with insulin resistance, plenty of insulin is available, but the body has an impaired capacity to recognize or respond to its hormonal signal.In the new study, vitamin D status (as determined by blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D) was assessed in a group of healthy young volunteers. The degree of insulin resistance and the capacity of the pancreas to secrete insulin were also measured in each volunteer. The results showed that lower blood levels of vitamin D were associated with a greater degree of insulin resistance and with weaker pancreatic function. Of those with subnormal vitamin D levels, 30% had one or more components of the metabolic syndrome, compared with only 11% of those with normal vitamin D levels. These results suggest that vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of insulin resistance or of the metabolic syndrome.Vitamin D deficiency is far more common than most people realize, affecting as many as 40% of Americans, according to some studies. Vitamin D is present in only a few foods, such as cod-liver oil, oily fish (including salmon, mackerel, and sardines), and vitamin D–fortified dairy products and breakfast cereals. Most of the vitamin D in the human body is manufactured in the skin after exposure to ultraviolet light from the sun. People who do not receive adequate amounts of sun exposure are at risk of developing vitamin D deficiency. In addition, those with dark skin and elderly people have a reduced ability to produce vitamin D in response to sunlight exposure. Fear of developing wrinkles or skin cancer causes many people in modern society to avoid the sun or use sunscreen; while these actions protect them against harmful rays, they also prevent the beneficial ultraviolet rays from reaching the skin, leading to insufficient sun exposure. According to one report, adequate vitamin D status can be achieved by daily exposure of one’s hands, face, and arms to sunlight for one-quarter the time it would take to produce a light pinkness of the skin. For people who are unable to obtain that amount of sunlight exposure, vitamin D supplementation may be worthwhile. The amount recommended by most doctors ranges from 400 to 1,000 IU per day. Although excessive doses of vitamin D can be toxic, recent research suggests that long-term use of 1,000 IU per day is safe.
Click HERE to learn more on Clinical Nutrition

IICN HumanNutrition

Web site: http://www.iicn.ac

This is a great newsletter for people interested in clinical nutrition. This is also a great course and you can become a certified nutritionist.

For more info on high quality nutritional supplements that are recommended by Dr. Laz and low glycemic meal replacements and snacks go to:

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Mild Exercise Increases Fitness and Cuts Cardiovascular Risk‏

2008-01-05T17:51:00.000-06:00

With the beginning of a new year, many people are interested in improving their fitness and health. However, exercising can be a daunting task if a person has been sedentary.

Also, it is often the belief that to get benefit one must employ the slogan, "no pain, no gain." This frequently results in frustration and failure to exercise consistently. Fortunately, though, research has shown that mild to moderate exercise does provide significant health and fitness benefits, especially in those who are overweight and sedentary.

Mild exercise increases fitness and cuts cardiovascular risk A study conducted at Duke University and published in the journal Chest compared the effects of three different exercise regimens on fitness improvements in overweight men and women who were at risk for heart disease.

Broken into four groups, the volunteers either did not exercise, walked briskly for 12 miles a week at a moderate intensity, walked briskly or jogged slowly 12 miles a week at a vigorous intensity, or jogged 20 miles a week at a vigorous intensity. Two measurements of fitness - time-to-exhaustion and oxygen consumption - were measured before and after 7 to 9 months of training.

All exercise groups saw fitness improvements compared to baseline. Results indicated that two to three hours of mild exercise a week at a moderate intensity is sufficient to increase aerobic fitness and cut the risk of cardiovascular disease. Increasing either the intensity or the amount of exercise provided additional improvements in fitness.

Although more vigorous exercise should still be encouraged for maximum benefit, this study demonstrates that it is appropriate to recommend mild exercise to improve fitness levels and reduce cardiovascular disease risk, especially in those who are overweight and sedentary. Chest. 2005;128:2788-2793.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Want to Lose Weight? Don't Go Low Carb Go Low Glycemic!

2008-01-05T17:28:00.000-06:00

Well, it is that time of year again when many of us make a New Year's Resolution to lose weight. I started our Healthy For Life Program before the Holidays so I could see how effective it may be before I opted to promote the program.

In the two weeks before Christmas I lost 7 lbs and kept it off. I did not gain nor lose weight as I sampled things I knew I shouldn't eat! I am back on track and making good head way. I am very excited because I am not hungry, I eat something whenever I want and I don't feel deprived.

We have a Healthy For Life Program that teaches you a healthy lifestyle with a side effect of weight loss. If you find no matter what you do you can't lose weight, or get rid of the "middle aged roll". This is the program for you. Long before low glycemic became popular (as you see on the ads on T.V.) Our company and Dr. Ray Strand founder of the Healthy for Life Program has been using this method for over 10 years now with great success with his patients.

You learn to eat healthy and make carb selections from the "good carb" sections versus the "bad" high sugar carbs. Your body needs carbs. It is the fuel and brain food for your body. It is never good to eliminate a food group. The problem is in the choices that we make.

We will teach you how to make the right choices, you will journal online and have a coach assigned to you. This coach will make sure you stay on track and give you the feedback you need. It is very affordable because it is done online using your own food and some low glycemic meal replacements and snacks you may choose to use.

No counting carbs, No counting calories, No counting points, and believe it or not NO restrictions on the amounts you eat but just on the choices you make.

This is not a program where you will get immediate results on the scale. We even tell you not to weigh your self very often. However, there will be no doubt about the effectiveness. Before you see a great deal of results on the scale you will see your waist thinning very quickly. Your clothes will fit looser, you will need to tighten up your belt a notch or two. Then the weight begins to fall. There is very scientific reasons why it happens in this same sequence over and over again and you will get trained and educated in this process. In fact, you will receive via email daily and weekly lessons to educate you and keep you focused.

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Take care and in good health,
Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Vitamin D and Endometrial Cancer

2007-12-06T10:10:00.000-06:00

Vitamin D and endometrial cancer The November 16, 2007 issue of the journal Preventive Medicine reported an association between ultraviolet light exposure and a reduced risk of endometrial cancer. Two previous investigations have already linked a lower rate of kidney and ovarian cancer with greater UV exposure, which increases the formation of vitamin D3 in the body.

Researchers analyzed data made available through GLOBOCAN, a database of cancer incidence and mortality in 175 countries. In general, the incidence of endometrial cancer was highest at the highest latitudes in both hemispheres.

The correlation between low UV exposure and low vitamin D levels and endometrial cancer incidence remained strong even after adjusting for variables such as fat intake, weight, cloud cover, skin pigmentation and others.

Most previous studies have focused on hormone levels and dietary fat intake and their role in the development of the disease. This is the first study linking low serum vitamin D levels to an increased risk of endometrial cancer.

Along with other preventive measures, vitamin D adequacy should be considered as part of a comprehensive program for prevention of endometrial cancer. Prev Med 2007 Nov;45(5):323-4.

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Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Beta Carotene May Delay Age Related Cognitive Decline

2007-11-19T10:52:00.000-06:00

According to a new study from Harvard, men who supplement with beta-carotene long-term may experience a slower rate of age- related cognitive decline.

Beta-carotene supplementation long-term may delay mental decline In a newly published study, researchers tested the cognitive function of participants in the Physicians' Health Study II (PHSII), a continuation of the Physicians' Health Study (PHS) trial looking at the effects of beta-carotene and other vitamin supplements on chronic disease.

The subjects included participants from the original PHS (started in 1982) and newer recruits from 1998. The researchers tested the general cognition, verbal memory, and category fluency of 5,956 participants, including 4,052 participants from the PHS with a minimum supplementation period of 18 years.

Among the 1,904 newly recruited subjects (average supplementation of 1 year) no differences in cognition were evident whether they took beta-carotene or the placebo. However, among the long-term supplement users from the PHS, the mean global score (average of all tests) was significantly higher in the beta carotene group than in the placebo.

On verbal memory, men receiving long-term beta carotene supplementation also performed significantly better than the placebo group. The potential mechanism for the protective effects could be related to the role of vitamin A and beta-carotene on beta-amyloid protein production in the brain.

The build-up of plaque from beta-amyloid deposits is associated with oxidative stress, cell death, and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study is the first to look at long-term antioxidant supplementation in relation to a decline in cognitive function that occurs naturally with age, and that precedes diseases such as Alzheimer's.

Arch Intern Med. 2007;167(20):2184-2190.

Vitamin A in itself my become toxic in large does especially to pregnant women. Look for a nutritional supplement that contains 100% Beta Carotene and no Vitamin A. Your body converts Beta Carotene into the Vitamin A that you need with no toxic effects.

For information on supplements that contain 100% Beta Carotene go to our website at:
http://www.pamdunwald.com Look at product information and look at the list of nutrients contain in our supplement products.

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Soy Protein for Athletes - Promoting Muscle Mass

2007-11-19T10:36:00.000-06:00

Presentation at ISSN Highlights Soy Protein Advantages for Endurance Athletes2007-11-15 - Solae
ST. LOUIS, Nov 15, 2007 /PRNewswire via COMTEX/ -- Dr. Douglas Kalman of Miami Research Associates delivered good news for soy protein and its use for the endurance athlete at the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) conference on Nov. 10 in Ft. Lauderdale, Fla.

Kalman presented "Whey, Casein, Soy: Why Protein Sources are Different: Applications for Endurance Athletes," which highlighted several direct and comparative studies that examined just how, and if, these varied protein sources can be of benefit to the active adult.
Kalman said soy protein has at least two significant advantages that need to be known.

"While each protein source has its own benefits for metabolism, soy should be better recognized for its quick absorption rates, which means it can enhance muscle and exercise recovery, and its ability to have positive effects whether used in food or powder form," he said.

Kalman's recently peer-reviewed published study, "Effect of protein source and resistance training on body composition and sex hormones," examined the effects of soy and whey in healthy active weightlifting males over a 12-week period. The study found soy protein was just as effective as whey in its ability to help weightlifting males gain muscle. Additional findings noted soy did not have any negative effects on male hormonal levels. The study suggests soy and soy mixed with whey protein had positive effects on male sex hormones.

"Whether you are in a strict exercise regimen or just getting started, soy and other proteins deliver a great source of protein to build muscles," said Dr. Kathy Greaves, Solae Clinical Nutrition Group Lead. "The take home message of Dr. Kalman's presentation is clear: soy protein should be on the athlete's menu plan, and it is a safe, effective dietary protein that has many health-enhancing effects."

Dr. Jose Antonio, the ISSN Conference Chair, said athletes should strongly consider soy protein as a part of their diet. "The Kalman study clearly delineated that the inclusion of soy protein as part of an athlete's nutritional plan is smart for more than just the obvious heart health reasons," Antonio said. "Now, we can state unequivocally that soy protein can have a strong, positive effect on muscle gains for the athlete when used almost daily and ingested after the workout.

J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2007 Jul 23;4(1):4.

Effect of protein source and resistance training on body composition and sex hormones.

Kalman D, Feldman S, Martinez M, Krieger DR, Tallon MJ.Miami Research Associates, Nutrition/Endocrinology Division, Miami, Florida, USA. dkalman@miamiresearch.com.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests an inverse relationship between soy protein intake and serum concentrations of male sex hormones. Anecdotal evidence indicates that these alterations in serum sex hormones may attenuate changes in lean body mass following resistance training. However, little empirical data exists regarding the effects of soy and milk-based proteins on circulating androgens and exercise induced body composition changes. METHODS: For 12 weeks 20 subjects were supplemented with 50 g per day of one of four different protein sources (Soy concentrate; Soy isolate; Soy isolate and whey blend, and Whey blend only) in combination with a resistance-training program. Body composition, testosterone, estradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured at baseline and week 12. RESULTS: Protein supplementation resulted in a significant increase in lean body mass independent of protein source (0.5 +/- 1.1 and 0.9 +/- 1.4 kg, p = 0.006, p = 0.007). No significant differences were observed between groups for total and free testosterone, SHBG, percentage body fat, BMI or body weight. The Testosterone/Estradiol ratio increased across all groups (+13.4, p = 0.005) and estradiol decreased (p = 0.002). Within group analysis showed significant increases in the Testosterone/Estradiol ratio in soy isolate + whey blend group (+16.3, p = 0.030). Estradiol was significantly lower in the whey blend group (-9.1 +/- 8.7 pg/ml, p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: This investigation shows that 12 week supplementation with soy protein does not decrease serum testosterone or inhibit lean body mass changes in subjects engaged in a resistance exercise program.

For informaton on high quality soy protein powder and shake products visit our website at:
http://www.pamdunwald.com Click on Products/MacroOpimizers for information on shakes, soy protein powder, low glycemic snack and meal replacement bars, antioxidant fruit bars, and much more to assist in your work out recovery meals and pre-performance diet.

For information on diet/food programs for the competing athlete visit: http://www.releasingfat.com You may use the discount code: 111958 for up to a 20% discount on a program.

Another great resource for Sports Nutrition Tips is the largest Elite Sports Facility in Canada: SportsMedBC. A great resource for nutrition and athletes.
http://www.sportmedbc.com/Content/LearningAndResources/Library%20Nutrition%20FactSheets.asp

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Websites: http://www.pamdunwald.com
http://www.bionutrition.org
http://www.releasingfat.com

Nutrients That Help Prevent Cataracts

2007-11-15T12:59:00.000-06:00

Carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin help prevent cataracts

The carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin have been shown to offer protection from age-related macular degeneration, a disease of the eye that can lead to blindness.

New research now reveals that these nutrients may also help prevent cataracts. In a recent study, reported in the December 2004 issue of the Journal of Nutrition, human eye cells were treated with several concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin or vitamin E, and exposed to ten seconds of ultraviolet-beta radiation (UVB). UVB radiation is a wavelength of sunlight that is believed to be responsible for cataract formation. Pretreatment of the eye cells with lutein and zeaxanthin inhibited markers of UVB damage by 50-60%.

Although vitamin E had a protective effect in this study, lutein and zeaxanthin were nearly ten times more powerful. Along with the many environmental, lifestyle and genetic risk factors associated with cataracts, exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunlight and oxidative stress appear to be a significant risk factor in cataract development.

In addition to protective enzymes and compounds like vitamins C and E, it appears that low concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in the eye lens may help shield the eye from harmful effects of UVB radiation, reducing the risk of cataract development.

Find out more about our company and our product for the eyes that contain these very nutrients. Click on : http://www.pamdunwald.com and click on Products. Search for the product called "Visonex".

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Websites: http://www.pamdunwald.com
http://www.releasingfat.com Discount Code: 111958
Http://www.bionutrition.org

Reduced Risk of Periodontitis

2007-11-07T13:00:00.000-06:00

High antioxidant levels are associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis

Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and is associated with an increased risk of stroke, type-2 diabetes, and heart disease.

A new study reveals that increased serum antioxidant concentrations are associated with a reduced risk of periodontitis, even in people who have never smoked. Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition of the tissue surrounding the teeth which has been linked with an increased risk of stroke, type-2 diabetes, and heart disease. A new report published in the Journal of Nutrition revealed that higher serum antioxidant levels are associated with a reduction in the risk of periodontitis.

The current research examined data from 11,480 participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), for whom periodontal measurements and serum levels of several antioxidants had been recorded. These antioxidants included alpha-carotene, beta-carotene, selenium, lutein, beta-cryptoxanthin, vitamins A, C and E, and total antioxidant levels. Mild periodentitis was found in 14% of the subjects and 5% had severe disease.

Higher vitamin C and total antioxidant levels were associated with a lower incidence of periodontitis, especially with severe disease. Individuals whose vitamin C levels were in the top 20% of participants had a 39% lower risk of periodontitis than participants with the lowest intakes. For subjects who had never smoked, those with the highest intake of vitamin C experienced only half the risk of periodontitis compared to those with the lowest vitamin C levels. Vitamin C has a role in collagen synthesis and maintenance of connective tissue, which may explain its benefit in protecting against periodontitis. In addition, it is known as a potent antioxidant that may also help reduce inflammation. Journal of Nutrition Vol. 137, 657-664, March 2007.

For information on high quality nutritional supplements that are pharmaceutical grade (made under the same strict guidelines as medication) go to our website and click on product information.

http://www.pamdunwald.com
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Promising Natural Nutrient May Help Lower High Blood Pressure

2007-10-30T13:13:00.000-06:00

Quercetin reduces blood pressure in adults with hypertension

Quercetin, an antioxidant found many foods including onions, berries and apples, is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease and stroke. Supplementation with quercetin has been shown to reduce hypertension in animal models, but until now has never been tested in hypertensive humans.

Researchers at the University of Utah, in collaboration with USANA Health Sciences, conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study to test the effectiveness of quercetin supplementation in lowering unhealthy blood pressure levels. The subjects were divided into two groups: prehypertensives (120-139 mm Hg systolic/80-89 mm Hg diastolic) or stage 1 hypertensives (140-159 mm Hg systolic/90-99 mm Hg diastolic).

The participants were given either 730 mg quercetin/day or placebo for 28 days. Blood pressure remained unchanged in prehypertensives after supplementation with quercetin.

In contrast, stage 1 hypertensive subjects showed significant reductions in both systolic (-7 mm Hg) and diastolic (-2 mm Hg) blood pressure after quercetin supplementation. This is the first published study to show that quercetin supplementation can reduce blood pressure in hypertensive adult humans.

Additionally, it is important to note that quercetin supplementation did not influence the blood pressure of non-hypertensive individuals. J. Nutr. 137:2405-2411, November 2007

For information on quality supplements that you can trust that are manufactured according to the same guidelines as medication check out our website at: http://www.pamdunwald.com amd click on products.

We are also looking for indivduals that would like to make an impact on helping people improve their health. Email us and let us know if you would like more information on how you can join the Healthy Options Team.

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

CoEnzyme Q 10 Protects Nerve Cells

2007-10-17T19:24:00.000-06:00

CoEnzyme Q10 protects nerve cells

CoEnzyme Q 10 is a co-factor necessary in the metabolism of energy in the cell brain called the mitochondria. Most of our energy is created in our large muscles including the heart. Our bodies manufacture CoEnzyme Q10 but as we age we make less and less. Several studies are not being done as to the effects of supplementing with this enzyme and what other body systems the CoEnzyme Q 10 has an effect on.

CoEnzyme Q10 has shown the ability to protect nerve cells and potentially lower the risk of various degenerative diseases. Cells in the brain and nervous system depend on optimal mitochondrial function for energy.

A research study published in the journal Neurobiology of Disease showed that oxidative stress causes mitochondria to produce excessive free radicals, leading to nerve cell damage and destruction. Due to its function in the mitochondrial energy process and its role as an antioxidant, researchers evaluated CoEnzyme Q10 for its ability to protect nerve cells.

The results of this study revealed that CoEnzyme Q10 inhibits the production of free radicals by the mitochondria and stabilizes the mitochondrial membrane when nerve cells are subjected to oxidative stress. CoEnzyme Q10 may therefore have a potential benefit in reducing the risk of various neurodegenerative diseases.

For a pharmaceutical grade CoEnzyme Q10 product. Visit our website and click on products and look at our product CoQuinone for information. As a side note, the gel caps at a lower mg dose is as effective as the higher dose powder formulas.

http://www.pamdunwald.com
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com
Pam Dunwald, R.N.

Age Related Macular Degeneration

2007-10-11T17:22:00.000-06:00

Macular Degeneration risk is reduced in adults with high intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin
Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease that causes damage to the macula (central retina) of the eye, impairing central vision. In a recent large study, participants with the highest intakes of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin had significantly lower risk of AMD compared to those with low intakes.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative eye disease that causes damage to the macula (central retina) of the eye, impairing central vision. People affected by Age-Related Macular Degeneration have difficulty reading, driving and performing activities that require clear central vision. AMD is the most common cause of vision loss in developed countries. A recent report published in the September, 2007 issue of the journal Archives of Ophthalmology added more evidence to support previous research showing that carotenoids zeaxanthin and lutein are protective against AMD.

Dark green leafy vegetables are the primary dietary sources of lutein and zeaxanthin, but they are also found in some other colorful fruits and vegetables. Average dietary intake in the U.S. is only 2 mg/day, far below the 6 mg/day level most studies indicate as a minimum needed to reduce the risk of AMD. In the current report, members of the Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) Research Group evaluated the diets of 4,519 AREDS participants aged 60 to 80 years. Retinal photographs were used to divide the subjects into five categories of macular disease severity, from individuals with little or no evidence of macular degeneration (the control group) to severe, neovascular disease.

Dietary questionnaires were analyzed for lutein, zeaxanthin, beta- carotene, lycopene, and other nutrient levels. Participants whose intake of lutein and zeaxanthin were greatest had a significantly lower risk of AMD than those whose intake was least, and were less likely to have large or extensive intermediate drusen, the deposits on the retina or optic nerve that characterize the disease. No risk reductions were associated with the other nutrients examined in this study.

The Relationship of Dietary Carotenoid and Vitamin A, E, and C Intake With Age-Related Macular Degeneration in a Case-Control Study: AREDS Report No. 22. Age-Related Eye Disease Study Research Group. Arch Ophthalmol. 2007;125:1225-1232

Log on to http://www.pamdunwald.com and click on products. We have a supplement for the eye containing the lutein and zeaxanthin called Visonex.

Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Vitamin D Helps with Pregnant Women Risks

2007-10-03T09:45:00.000-06:00

Vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy may help prevent preeclampsia

Vitamin D deficiency early in pregnancy is associated with a five-fold increased risk of preeclampsia, according to a new study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.In newly published research, scientists evaluated data and blood samples taken from women and newborns between 1997 and 2001 enrolled in a study designed to examine risk factors for preeclampsia. This serious complication of pregnancy is marked by elevated blood pressure and edema (swelling) of the hands and feet, and is a leading cause of premature delivery and maternal and neonatal complications including death.

The results of the study show that a maternal vitamin D deficiency early in pregnancy is a strong, independent risk factor for preeclampsia. This increase risk continued even after adjusting for other known risk factors such as race, ethnicity and pre-pregnancy body weight.

Another concern was the fact that many of the women were taking prenatal vitamins, which typically contain 200 to 400 IU of vitamin D.

"Even a small decline in vitamin D concentration more than doubled the risk of preeclampsia," noted James M. Roberts, M.D., senior author of the study. "And since newborn's vitamin D stores are completely reliant on vitamin D from the mother, low vitamin levels also were observed in the umbilical cord blood of newborns from mothers with preeclampsia." The researchers concluded that maternal vitamin D deficiency may be an independent risk factor for preeclampsia and vitamin D supplementation in early pregnancy should be explored for preventing preeclampsia and promoting neonatal well-being. Journal of Clinical Endrocrinology & Metabolism September 2007, Vol 92, No.9:3517-22.

For quality pharmeceutical grade nutritional supplements that will guarantee in writing what is on the label is in each and every tablet every time, visit my website at:

http://www.pamdunwald.com and click on product information.

Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Phone: 608-823-7129

Value of Vitamin D in Lowering the Risk for Fractures

2007-09-25T13:03:00.000-06:00

Vitamin D supplementation lowers fracture risk

Researchers have found that doses of 700 to 800 IU of vitamin D3 per day may reduce the risk of hip fracture by 26 percent and nonvertebral fracture by 23 percent.

The May 11 2005 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association published the results of a meta-analysis of 12 clinical trials involving vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of fracture. The analysis concluded that supplementation with higher than the commonly recommended 400 international unit (IU) doses of vitamin D reduces the risk of hip and nonvertebral fractures in older individuals. The vitamin D studies included a total of 19,114 men and women aged 60 and older. The trials used the form of the vitamin known as cholecalciferol, or vitamin D3, which, according to studies cited in the current review, may be much more effective than the dietary form of the vitamin.

The researchers found that doses of 700 to 800 IU of vitamin D3 per day reduced the risk of hip fracture by 26 percent and nonvertebral fracture by 23 percent. Studies that used 400 IU vitamin D3 or less found no significant benefit for either type of fracture. The role of additional calcium supplementation could not clearly be defined from the studies, but it appears that at least 700 milligrams calcium per day may also be necessary for nonvertebral fracture prevention. JAMA 2005 May 11;293(18):2257-64. (Journal of American Medical Association)

For information on quality supplements click on the "Product" tab on my website at:
http://www.pamdunwald.com
Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Importance of Omega 3 Fatty Acids

2007-09-18T13:42:00.000-06:00

Omega-3 fatty acid intake is associated with lower heart disease risk

Increased consumption of omega-3 fatty acids in the diet is associated with lower levels of inflammation and endothelial activation, according to results from a study at Harvard. Dysfunction of the endothelium, which is the inner lining of the blood vessel wall, is an early event in the development of atherosclerosis and subsequent heart disease. Food frequency questionnaires completed in1986 and 1990 by 727 participants in the Nurses' Health study were evaluated for levels of the omega-3 fatty acids alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Alpha-linolenic acid consumption was found to be inversely associated with several plasma markers of inflammation, while EPA and DHA intake was inversely related to platelet aggregration. Results of this study indicate that in addition to reducing triglycerides, platelet aggregation and heart arrhythmias, omega-3 fatty acids may also reduce the body's production of hydrogen peroxide, which is involved in the inflammatory process.

J Nutr 2004 Jul;134(7):1806-11

A good source of the Omega 3's is flax seed oil or fish oil capsules. Look at my website for information on a re-formulated fish oil product with lemon juice added to reduce the "tuna fish" burps, and Vitamin D as also been added. As you can see from the blog entry last week Vitamin D is also becoming a critical nutrient that we and our children are in more need of. 20 minutes a day in the sunlight helps to maufacture Vitamin D in our system. This is one way to get a extra dose of Vitamin D!

At http://www.pamdunwald.com click on product information and look up Biomega III for information on the fish oil capsule or you can look up the flax seed oil product as well.

Have a healthy week!

Pam

New Benefits of Vitamin D

2007-09-06T16:59:00.000-06:00

Vitamin D reduces the risk of certain cancers

A study published in the American Journal of Public Health, has found that vitamin D deficiency may account for several thousand premature deaths annually. The researchers reviewed 63 studies on the relationship between vitamin D and certain types of cancer worldwide between 1966 and 2004.

The majority of studies found a protective relationship between sufficient vitamin D status and lower risk of cancer, especially in cancers of the colon, breast, prostate and ovary. Vitamin D is acquired either through the diet or through exposure to sunlight. Food sources include milk, yogurt, cheese, and fortified orange juice. A typical serving provides approximately 100 international units (IU).

Researchers suggested that people might want to consider a vitamin supplement to raise their overall intake to 1,000 IU's per day. Supplementing with additional vitamin D could be especially important for people living in northern areas, which receive less vitamin D from sunlight. The evidence suggests that improving vitamin D status through diet and supplements could reduce cancer incidence and mortality at low cost, with few or no adverse effects.

American Journal of Public Health February 2006, Vol 96, No. 2:252-261.

For more information on quality pharmaceutical grade supplements please visit my website at:
http://www.pamdunwald.com
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

Low Levels of Vitamin D Common in Healthy Children

2007-08-28T11:21:00.000-06:00

Low Levels of Vitamin D Are Common Among Healthy Children

According to a new study, many kids and adolescents who are otherwise healthy may have inadequate blood levels of vitamin D, a nutrient essential for normal growth and development. A vitamin D deficiency in childhood may lead to muscle weakness, defective bone mineralization and rickets .A new study published in the July 2007 issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition has found that many children may be at risk for a vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for normal growth and development and is important for immune function. The researchers from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia assessed dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake, body mass, and measured blood levels of vitamin D in 382 healthy children between six years and 21 years of age living in the northeastern U.S. and found that more than half of the children had low blood levels of vitamin D. Of the subjects, 55 percent of the children had inadequate vitamin D blood levels and 68 percent overall had low blood levels of the vitamin in the wintertime. African Americans, children aged 9 and older, and those whose vitamin D intake was low were likeliest to have reduced serum vitamin D levels. "The best indicator of a person's vitamin D status is the blood level of a vitamin D compound called 25-hydroxyvitamin D," Dr. Zemel, the lead investigator noted. "Vitamin D deficiency remains an under-recognized problem overall, and is not well studied in children." The researchers added that further study is needed to determine the appropriate blood levels of vitamin D in children, as well as a review of the current recommendations for vitamin D intake. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007 July; 86(1):150- 8.

For more information on the use of quality supplements visit
http://www.pamdunwald.com

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Liquid Vitamins or Tablet? Is there a Difference?

2007-08-21T10:55:00.000-06:00

I get a lot of questions about which is better to take Liquid Vitamins or Tablets? There is a lot of "hype" and new products that promote liquid vitamins as being "better absorbed" getting into you system faster, and a lot more. Well, think about it... Does the nutrients in chicken soup get into you system faster than eating a steak? Vitamins are not absorbed in your stomach. They are absorbed in the small intestine. So, what does this mean? It means that everything has to first go through your stomach before it can make it to the small intestine and by that time everything is in the same form. Read on and I will try to explain in more detail

The scientific definition of bioavailable is: the degree and rate at which a substance (as a drug) is absorbed into a living system or is made available at the site of physiological activity. Different vitamins and minerals have different absorption rates no matter if they come from tablet, liquid, powder, or food. For example Calcium has a pretty standard absorption rate around 25-35%. The form does not generally make a significant difference.

The bottom line is - a well made tablet provides a very effective delivery system for pharmaceutical medications. Most medications come in a tablet form. This is because they have been found to be the easiest and most efficient delivery system for medications. Why would vitamin supplements be any different? Does anybody doubt that an aspirin tablet is less effective because it comes in a tablet? Tableted products can be more advantageous to take, simply because more active ingredients can be taken in one tablet(almost 3 times as much as a capsule and much more than liquid or spray). So what this means is that you can get much more nutrients in a tablet vitamin than you can in a liquid. Do the label test. Compare the amount of nutrients and dosages in the liquid vitamins compared to the tablet. Big difference. I've done it with many different liquid brands and you will see the same results.

The stability is also much better. The good quality vitamin tablets are formulated to meet USP standards requiring full disintegration within30-45 min. Tablets are also formulated to meet USP standards for dissolution. Because of the disintegration time, the vitamins and minerals found in our supplements are fully available for absorption into the body. Innovative formulations have been developed to optimize nutrient bioavailability. Each lot of a quality tablet should be tested against finished product specifications to ensure that it meets standards for: identity, target weight, hardness, thickness, disintegration, potency, purity, and (microbial counts). A quality company should be committed to providing its customers with the best nutritionals that money can buy. Formulas should be carefully designed with quality and safety in mind.

In addition, there are many factors which can affect the absorption of vitamins and minerals in the body. Some of these factors are a function of the person taking the nutrient and are dependent on the age of the person, the integrity of their digestive system, the state of their health, the time of day, the person's gender, and if they were taken on a full or empty stomach.

People whose nutrient needs are greater, such as growing children and pregnant and lactating women, or those who are currently deficient, may have significantly enhanced absorption rates for certain nutrients. Recently, some individuals and companies have made claims that their products are superior because they are"98-percent absorbed" or some similar number. This is a misleading statement because there are simply too many variables to say that absorption is a certain percent of the material consumed. Even absorption of minerals from food sources vary greatly. Boron, molybdenum, and iodine can be absorbed at over 90 percent while the average absorption rates of zinc, copper, and selenium can range from 30to 80 percent.

It should seem reasonable, then, that stating an average absorption rate does not make much sense. A quality company provides its vitamins and minerals in amounts and forms so that, in conjunction with a healthy diet, you will receive maximum bioavailability, full effectiveness, and uncompromised safety.

A couple of questions to ask are: The very reason we have an industry is due to large published studies in the medical and nutritional literature that have given us the knowledge and insight into these nutritional elements. With the hundreds of studies on calcium and vitamin D and bone health, it is hardly in dispute that these nutrients can prevent bone loss. If tablets weren't any good, where did we get all these positive results? If liquid or spray minerals are so much better, why are they almost never used in any legitimate studies? I would challenge anyone to go through the medical and scientific literature and provide ANY substantial evidence that spray or liquid multivitamin supplements are superior to well-made tablets. I wonder if the people promoting liquid nutritionals liquefy or puree their food into a liquid for better absorption? Keep in mind that I am speaking of multiminerals and multivitamin formulations. There may be certain products that may be appropriate in a liquid (just as some medications are liquid). However, these are the exceptions, not the rule.

One more thing. People often contend that liquids are better because they don't contain fillers (excipients used in tablets for disintegration, form, binding, coating, etc). That is a ridiculous argument since liquids can require even more "other" ingredients such as emulsifiers, solvents, preservatives, stabilizing agents, coloring, flavoring, etc. The more ingredients in a liquid supplement, the more of these are required.

Give me your feedback, I would love to hear your comments!

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
http://www.pamdunwald.com/
Email: pamdunwald@yahoo.com

What type of exercise is best for losing weight?

2007-08-08T18:25:00.000-06:00

I get a lot of questions about what type of exercise is best for losing weight. Well, I can offer a few tips here.

Moderate exercise is always best. Heavy exercise while may burn more calories is hard on your body and causes excess free radicals or oxidative stress. Watch for a blog entry that will discuss athletes, recovery, and what can be done to minimize the oxidative stress for people that work out hard or are training athletes.

Back to the exercise part. Moderate exercise 4-5x per week for a duration of at least 30 minutes is ideal. Weight resistance is an excellent way for weight reductions. Here is some of the reasoning behind this.

Your large muscles burn up their fuel called glycogen, once this fuel is burned up, your muscles must go to another form of fuel to feed and produce the energy needed to peform. Once these stores of glycogen are used the body will rely on fat to produce energy. So if your exercise regime includes both weight resistance and cardio (aerobic) you should do the weight resistance exercises first then go to the cardio and you will go straight to fat burning.

One word of caution, you have a glycogen window which is a period of time about 20-30 minutes when you need to replentish your glycogen stores so your muscles recover properly and reduce soreness. You should have a low glycemic snack or meal with good carbs and protein during this window of time. There are many items on the market but watch the labels and sugar content on some of these products. Buy your products by reading the label and not by advertisement hype.

We have a certified low glycemic snack bars that are ideal to carry with you when working out.
You can learn more at http://www.pamdunwald.com/ and click on products, then Macrooptimizers.

In doing some research on work out routines that can be done in the home and following my beliefs and philosophy I have found this program called the Turbulence Work Out. You can learn more about this at:
http://120356.turbulence.hop.clickbank.net/?tid=heltopbg

Let me know what you think about the work out. Also let me know what questions you have about working out or if you have questions on low glycemic meals.

Take care, and talk to you soon.

Pam
http://www.pamdunwald.com/
Email: dunwaldpam@yahoo.com

Blood Tests of a 20 Year Old

2007-08-07T10:11:00.000-06:00

I received an email from a nurse that I used to work with when I was doing home health care. She has been taking the products I recommended to her for awhile now but had not had a physical done by her physician since using the products. The Omega 3 essential fatty acids raises the HDL or the good cholesterol which helps to flush out and neutralize the "bad" cholesterol or LDLs. She was very excited when her physician told her that the results of her blood work were compared to a 20 year old!! She is in her 50's. Needless to say she is very happy! Read her email and then learn more about the products she is taking by visiting:

http://www.pamdunwald.com/

Also, read my post on this blog on "Raising Your Good Cholesterol" for further info on this subject.

Hi Pam. I am still trying..especially now. I received my lab reports from the
doctor...he told me I had labs of a 20 yr old. !!Yes. But, that's not the
truly amazing thing..it's my cholesterol. Since 2000 I have taken zocor
20mg..then 40mg.....However, it became so expensive I couldn't afford it so, I
didn't get any. Then I started taking the omega threes...for what? a year and a
half? And have taken it religiously. every single day. I was hospitalized in
2000 for neck pain, left arm pain..and off the wall tryglicerides(sp) and
cholesterol.Since that time I tried the low carb diet, lots of exercise > But,
couldn't raise my HDL! it got to 37 once. Yesterday the report of total all
cholesterol was 229. Not bad!!! LDL 144 and HDL of 51!!!!!! That is soley
taking the omega...and other vitamins and minerals!!!! no zocor!! I told the
doctor that..he wants me to take the 40mg now that I have insurance..and get it
the ldl lower..and hdl higher..I'm not going to do it! I am staying with the
omega. It is truly working for me. and I am very happy. Believe me I am now
going to push these products til I am blue in the face..I never knew until the labs came
in..I am convinced! Thank you! Pat

Is There Such a Thing as Natural Skin Care Products?

2007-07-24T10:59:00.000-06:00

Are there really all natural skin care products out there? Some of the magazines have done features in the last year or two trying to find products that live up to the claim of being all natural. Much of this is marketing fluff to attract your attention and and hopefully make a sale. Good consumers need to look beyond the marketing hype and start reading the labels!!
All skin care products such as soaps, shampoos, facial products, etc must be preserved or have a system in place to reduce and inhibit bacteria growth in the products to keeps us safe from infections. The majority of the products are preserved with chemical preservatives called Parabens. There is much research out now on the safety of these chemicals but before now the industry didn't have much choice because there were no other alternatives available.

Usana Health Sciences is one company that has developed the technology to remove the chemical preservatives and formaldehyde releasing chemicals from their complete line of skin care products using a self preserving hurdle technology that keeps the shelf life a long 2 years and does not need to be refrigerated. Read more in the News Release below. For more information on the ground breaking technology that all the major skin care companies have been trying to develop you can go to Http://www.beautifulscience.com
You can also visit my website at: http://www.pamdunwald.com

News Release

USANA Health Sciences Receives U.S. Patent on Exclusive Self-Preserving Technology for Skin Care and Beauty Products
Technology Offers Long-Sought Alternative to Artificial, Paraben Preservatives
SALT LAKE CITY--(BUSINESS WIRE)--May 8, 2007--USANA Health Sciences, Inc. (NASDAQ:USNA) received notice of an official patent, to be released at 10:00am EST from the United States Patent & Trademark Office, for its exclusive self-preserving technology currently used in the company's Sense beautiful science(R) skin and personal care product line.
This patent covers USANA's formulation for manufacturing the Sense skin and personal care product line so that they are capable of maintaining an industry-standard, two-year shelf life without the need for added chemical preservatives. USANA's now-patented "self-preserving" technology utilizes a variety of proprietary blends of purifying botanicals, antioxidants and other active ingredients in protective liquid crystals to keep the product fresh naturally. The Sense line maintains its shelf life without the use of parabens or other chemical preservatives commonly used in other cosmetics and skin care products. Sense has utilized this self-preserving technology since September 2004 on a patent-pending basis, and it is the only skin care and beauty care product line in the world to implement this scientific advancement.
USANA scientists believe this patented process represents a significant innovation in the skin-care industry, as self-preserving technology will allow users' skin to receive all the benefits of pure, natural, and healthy ingredients without the use of chemicals or potentially harmful preservatives.
"This patent is the result of nearly 10 years of research and development by USANA scientists, and it is an important milestone in our company's drive to become a leader in the skin and beauty care industry. USANA's self-preserving technology has changed skin and beauty care in a meaningful way by allowing for the formulation of healthy, all-natural products," USANA President Dave Wentz said. "Our customers rely on USANA's high-quality products to enhance their quality of life. Just like our pharmaceutical-grade supplements, USANA's Sense skin and beauty care line offers the best - and healthiest - products available. Consumers can now enjoy healthier skin and the peace of mind that comes with safe, self-preserving technology that does not rely on artificial, chemical preservatives."
The Sense skin and beauty care line includes:
Sense:
Gentle Daily CleanserHydrating TonerDaytime Protective EmulsionNight RenewalPerfecting EssenceSerum IntensiveRice Bran PolisherEye Nourisher
Sense Splash:
Intensive Hand TherapyEnergizing Shower GelFirming Body NourisherRevitalizing ShampooNourishing Conditioner
About USANA
USANA develops and manufactures high-quality nutritional, personal-care, and weight management products that are sold directly to Preferred Customers and Associates throughout the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. More information on USANA can be found at http://www.usanahealthsciences.com.
CONTACT: USANA Health Sciences, Inc.Riley Timmer, Investor Relations, 801-954-7922investor.relations@us.usana.comorDan Macuga, Network Development & Public Relations801-954-7280dan.macuga@us.usana.com
SOURCE: USANA Health Sciences, Inc.

Giant Step for Wellness and Prevention

2007-07-17T12:05:00.000-06:00

A major announcement was made in the arena of wellness and preventative health. This is HUGE as 98% of health care dollars are spent on treatment leaving only 2% for prevention. This will allow the Dr. Linus Pauling Institute to continue it's research on wellness and preventative health. Dr. Linus Pauling was a 2 time Nobel Peace Prize winner and was the scientist that put "Vitamin C" and it's benefits on the map of health.

News Release

USANA Health Sciences Expands Research Partnership with Renowned Linus Pauling Institute
SALT LAKE CITY--(BUSINESS WIRE)--June 12, 2007--USANA Health Sciences, Inc. (NASDAQ: USNA), announced today that it is expanding its existing partnership with the Linus Pauling Institute (LPI), in an effort to better determine the function and role of vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants (micronutrients) in promoting optimal health and preventing disease. USANA will contribute $500,000 per year to the institute over the course of 10 years.
For more than a decade, LPI, one of the nation's first Centers of Excellence for Research on Complementary and Alternative Medicine, has been committed to the research of heart disease, cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. Along with its research on micronutrition, LPI's mission includes:
Determining the role of oxidative and nitrative stress and antioxidants in human health and disease
Helping people everywhere achieve a healthy and productive life, full of vitality, with minimal suffering, and free of cancer and other debilitating diseases
"The partnership between LPI and USANA will significantly enhance the institute's research mission, enabling our scientists to better understand the role antioxidants, phytochemicals, and other nutrients play in human health," said Balz Frei, director of the Linus Pauling Institute. "We are very excited about this opportunity."
USANA's research team will collaborate with LPI on cutting-edge nutritional and clinical research. This collaboration and contribution will help advance the science of human nutrition and health, provide USANA with valuable information to be used to formulate and upgrade its nutritional products and help USANA to better advise its customers on how to use USANA products. USANA's support and the contributions of its scientists may also be credited in leading scientific and medical journals.
"The Linus Pauling Institute is clearly at the forefront of research in the arenas of nutrition and health," said USANA's Executive Vice President of Research & Development Tim Wood. "USANA is proud to be supporting their efforts and we look forward to working with LPI in advancing the science of nutrition in both laboratory and clinical settings."
About USANA
USANA Health Sciences develops and manufactures high-quality nutritionals, personal care, and weight management products that are sold directly to Preferred Customers and Associates throughout the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Mexico, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
CONTACT: USANA Health Sciences, Inc., Salt Lake CityDan Macuga, 801-954-7280Dan.Macuga@us.usana.comSOURCE: USANA Health Sciences, Inc.

For more information on Usana you may also visit: http://www.pamdunwald.com

Benefits of Raising your Good Cholesterol (HDLs)

2007-07-10T11:43:00.000-06:00

This week I have added a newsletter by Dr. Ray Strand. Dr Strand is a family practice physician who has been specializing in Nutritional Medicine for over 8 years now. Dr Strand looks at diet, exercise, and supplementation as a first line of therapy before getting out the prescription pad. He has many success stories and case studies over the years. Dr Strand is an International Speaker on the subject of Nutritional Medicine and the use of Supplementation. He has written several books such as Releasing Fat, Death by Prescription, What Your Doctor Doesn't Know about Nutritional Medicine May be Killing You, Healthy for Life, and others.

You can learn more about Dr. Strand and even have a phone consultation with him or start his Healthy for Life online lifestyle program for weight management.

One of the safe ways to increase your HDL or good cholesterol is by adding the "good" essential fats. The fats found in fish oil, flaxseed oil, and Olive oil are some examples of good fats that will help raise your HDLs or good cholesterol. In the Greek Islands and other Mediterranean countries the incidence of heart disease is RARE. Many scientists contribute the diet and intake of Olive oil as one of the factors.

Many people can't get the 2-3oz of Olive oil needed per day so they look to supplementation. Fish Oil capsules are quite popular. One down side is that you want to look for a company that filters their fish oil during the manufacturing process to remove the potentially harmful Mercury that is being found now in cold water fish. Warnings are out there concerning the amount of tuna people eat, recommending not more than 2 cans per week because our bodies cannot process any more Mercury. Visit http://www.pamdunwald.com for information on products such as the Fish Oil where the company does remove and filter any harmful Mercury.

Dr. Strand's links are below.

http://www.releasingfat.com/ Healthy for Life Program- Discount code: 111958. Certified Coach: Pam Dunwald, R.N.

http://www.bionutrition.org/

Healthy for Life NewsletterJuly/August 2007 Vol. 4, No. 4Raising Your HDL or "Good" Cholesterol
The July/August edition of the Healthy for Life Newsletter is attached to this e-mail as an Adobe Acrobat file.
To view the attached newsletter, your computer must have Adobe Acrobat Reader installed. This software is free and can be downloaded at the address shown below. http://www.adobe.com/products/acrobat/readstep2.html

The on-line edition of this newsletter can be found at: www.Bionutrition.org/newsletter

Below is an excerpt from this month's newsletter.

"Physicians have known for years that those patients who have a high HDL or good cholesterol have a significantly decreased risk of developing coronary artery disease. The dilemma has been finding ways to improve someone's HDL that is below normal. Lowering the total and LDL or bad cholesterol has been much easier to accomplish, since we now have a host of statin drugs from which to choose. Pfizer pharmaceutical has just slammed the brakes on a 15,000 patient trial involving an experimental drug that had previously been shown to raise this HDL or good cholesterol. A preliminary report involving this drug, called torceptrapib, demonstrated that this drug had a dark side. Reviewers of this clinical trial showed that there were 60% more deaths in the group taking torceptrapib with Lipitor, than the group that was just receiving the Lipitor. Pfizer was left with no choice but to put a halt on this very large clinical trial. This has now led cardiologists and pharmaceutical companies concerned about the safety of other drugs that are being studied, which also raise HDL. Ways to exploit HDL and avoid its pitfalls are among the hottest questions in heart research today."

How do you Judge a Quality Vitamin Supplement?

2007-07-03T12:25:00.000-06:00

Whew, this can be difficult especially if you are not educated on supplements and you just go by what you hear or see on the advertisements.

There are a few details one should know about Vitamins. Many people do not understand that they are not regualated by the FDA. There are no "label" laws meaning there is no regulation requiring supplements to have what is on the label is in each tablet. How can this be you think? Well, vitamins are regulated as food. It is like comparing pizza with penicillin. If you buy a frozen pepperoni pizza at your favorite store or from your favorite pizza place you are not overly concerned with the number of slices of pepperoni on your pizza. If it didn't contain any or just a very few slices you may be concerned. If your penicillin did not have the same dose in each and every tablet you may not get well or have other complications. Supplements are treated like your pepperoni pizza. Food grade vitamin manufacturing must have the products made under sanitary conditions and not cause food poisioning. Not much more than that.

On the other hand if your vitamins were manufactured under the more strict guidelines of medication you would be guaranteed to get what is on the label in each and every tablet each and every time. Sound better? Don't you think you should get what you pay for?

So the first criteria in purchasing a quality supplement is that it is manufactured under GMPs or Good Manufacturing Practices for Medication. Not required but quality supplement companies will pay for an outside agency to come in and certify them to these GMPs for drug standards.

Going hand in hand is the second criteria of offering a written guarantee of potency and purity. What is on the label is in each and every bottle and each and every tablet. Also just as important is that this means that nothing that is NOT on the label will get into the products either. Extremly important for all of us and especially for the elite athlete that is concerned about testing positive for any one of the over 75 banned substances that will ban their ability to compete in their sport or event. Call the customer service department for your vitamin company and ask them if they will provide you a written statement that they guarantee potency and purity. If yours will not no matter what the excuse, find a company that will. They ARE out there. Get yourself a copy of the Comparative Guide to Nutritional Supplements. (See previous blog posting for further information) Find the companies that manufacture vitamins you can trust. One such company can be researched at http://www.pamdunwald.com/

Next you want to be a little savvy on the nutrients that are contained in the vitamin. We here about the dangers of taking too much of certain nutrients. What if the dose is higher than the RDA (Recommended daily allowances). One comment on the RDA levels is that they are designed to prevent nutrient deficient diseases such as Rickets, Scurvy, and Pelegra. In my 26 years of nursing I have never taken care of a patient suffering from any of these diseases. We have done a great job to eliminate these but there is a lot of research which I will also begin sharing on this blog that shows certain nutrients at optimal levels can assist the body's defense mechanisms to help prevent chronic degenerative diseases such as heart disease, cancer, Alzheimer's, Asthma, Multiple Sclerosis, Adult Onset Diabetes, and many more.

There are some nutrients that you need to be careful of. One is Iron. Iron should be taken under the supervision of your doctor as you can have toxicity due to too much iron in your system. Select a vitamin without iron unless directed otherwise by your physician.

Another nutrient that can cause problems is Vitamin A which can be very harmful especially if taken in too high a dose in pregnant women. A quality vitamin company will not have any Vitamin A in their products they will have Vitamin A in the form of Beta Carotene. Some companies can save money by offering a combination of Vitamin A and Beta Carotene but we prefer a vitamin that does not have ANY Vitamin A. Beta Carotene is transformed into Vitamin A by your body and what you don't need is eliminated so you do not have the chance of accumulating too much vitamin A.

Does you vitamin dissolve? If your vitamin does not dissolve in a glass of water within 20-30 minutes chances are it is not dissolving in your stomach. Obviously if the vitamin does not dissolve your body cannot absorb it and use the nutrients. This is one of the reasons physicians have not had great faith in supplements and called them "expensive urine" because the quality has not been there in most over the counter products. Again, because they don't have to. Look for a quality company that is concerned. Again in the Comparative Guide, dissolution or how the vitamin dissolves, is one of the criteria that must be passed and is included in their grading system which helps to determine how highly a particular vitamin is scored.

Look for a company that manufactures it's own products. What many people don't know is that about 80 vitamin companies manufacture 100s of products and puts different labels on them depending on the direction of the company selling the products. By manufacturing their own products they can keep tighter control on the quality including the use of raw materials and making sure none are tainted with impurities or other substances we would not want in our supplements.

What is the background of the company? Is it a science based nutritional company? Do they do their own research? Do they manufacture and sell everything from A-Z? What are the qualifications of the scientists and researchers? Do they evey employ their own scientists? Many companies do not. They contract them out now and then to do reformulations or make new products. Look for a company that has a team of scientists employed by them and have a team that researches the nutritional and supplement scientific studies that are out there to make sure their products are of top quality.

I will give you some details from a lecture I attended by Lyle MacWilliams, the author of the Comparative Guide to Nutritional Supplements.

75% of the people living today will die of a chronic degenerative disease. Anyone born after the year 2000 will have a 1 out of 3 chance to develop Diabetes in their lifetime and if they are African American or Hispanic the chance goes up to 1 out of every 2 people.

We have no cures for chronic degenerative disease but the good news is that 60-70% of heart disease is preventable, 60-70% of cancer is preventable, and 90% of type II or Adult onsent diabetes is preventable.

The answer may lie in proper nutritions, exercise, and the use of a quality multiple vitamin supplement with a wide variety of anti-oxidants. Look for a product with 15-20 different antioxidants.

1.5 Trillion dollars is spent on health care with 98% of that going to treatment leaving only 2% for prevention.

The U.S. rated the #27 country in the world for health tied with Cuba. The sad thing is that we spend 25 times more on health care than Cuba.

The American Medical Association has published a statement stating that all adults would be prudent to take a mutiple vitamin supplement to help fight chronic degenerative disease.

Do your homework, investigate the supplement product you take. Find a quality company and product. Eat a well balanced diet full of at least 9 servings of fruits and vegetables daily, watch your high glycemic foods such as white rice, potatoes, bread, etc, get at least 30 minutes of exercise (at least a brisk walk) 4-5 times per week, and take your vitamins!

Pam Dunwald is an R.N. of 26 years that has specialized in wellness for the past 4. Look to this blog often for more articles on health topics and ways to improve your health. Find out Pam's supplement of choice and why at http://www.pamdunwald.com/

Or http://www.bionutrition.org

Or http://www.releasingfat.com Discount code: 111958

You can reach Pam at: pam_dunwald@usana.com

Comparative Guide to Nutritional Supplements

2007-04-26T12:19:00.000-06:00

The 4th edition is just out now on this publication. This is a wonderful book designed to educate the consumer on just what should be in a vitamin product. Lyle MacWilliam is a biochemist from Canada that put together a panel of 12 experts in the field of nutritional medicine. These include physicians, biochemists, nutritionists, etc. Each member of the panel selected the amount of each essential nutrient they would like to see in a "perfect" vitamin. They averaged these amounts and came up with a "blended standard" by which a vitamin's quality can now be judged.

The book educates the consumer on what each nutrient does and what body support system it helps such as heart, bones, respiratory, etc. It addresses what nutrients can be too much and how to select a quality vitamin.

The best part of this book it that it took a look at 1500 vitamin products in the U.S. and Canada and then rated them on a "star" system taking in consideration over 10 different criteria by which they were judged. Some include how they are abosorbed, how much of each nutrient, whether or not they support heart health, bone health, etc.

You can see the ratings on these 1500 supplement products and see where your vitamin rates. If it is not so good you can see what other choices you can make to take a better quality vitamin.
I will give you the top four products that received the highest rating of 5 stars and the only"Gold Standard" awards given. The top 4 are Usana Health Sciences, Douglas Laboratories, Creating Wellness Alliance, and TrueStar Health.

The book is availabe at: comparativeguide.com Enjoy!

Pam Dunwald, R.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC

Welcome to the Healthy Options 4 You Blog!

2007-04-26T11:24:00.000-06:00

Hello, My name is Pam Dunwald and I am a Registered Nurse with a passion for wellness! The objective for this blog is to offer the latest and cutting edge information to help you take a stand on preventative health measures. We will hopefully educate you, and inspire you to take control of your health and help you choose and maintain a healthy lifestyle. There are a lot of products out there and we will also offer some product reviews to help you sort out the facts and make good product decisions. We look forward to your comments and questions and we will do our best to address questions and concerns on this blog. We look forward to serving you!

Pam Dunwald, R.N. B.S.N.
Healthy Options, ltd, LLC